Leather shoes from the upper, inner bottom, outsole, heel, main heel, Baotou, hook heart, modified parts and Other components. There are glue, molded, vulcanized, sewn shoes and travel shoes and other varieties. The upper material is natural leather, ie leather, sheepskin, pigskin, hummocks, camel, snakeskin, sharkskin, etc. Artificial leather has artificial leather, synthetic leather and regenerated leather.
First, Fabric
When you identify shoes, you should first check the upper material to determine the type of leather. Such as the use of "leather" grain surface layer has not been modified, with the original natural characteristics of leather: cowhide pores broken eye, irregular and more uniform; goatskin pore eyes lined "tile"; pigskin three holes pile , Characters are distributed. Yellow-leather tissue fibers are delicate, buffalo hides are coarse, and pores are thick. For the grain surface layer modified to lose its original features, it should be carefully classified according to the processing technology.
The aniline leather coated with aniline is characterized by a crystal clear light, bright light, no glare, no plastic feeling.
Natural leather cooked leather, leather is generally 5 ~ 6mm thick, shoe-making machine should be divided into two layers with a sheeting machine, the surface is a grain layer, fine and compact tissue fibers, smooth appearance, strength, wear resistance are good; It is a Suede layer with thick fibers, large gaps, and fluff on the surface. The first layer of leather is smoother than the second layer of leather, and the second layer of leather is slightly rough. The two-layer leather may not be rough on the surface after coating, film transfer or film coating, but the film-removing leather is poor in low-temperature resistance, and when the temperature is low, wrinkles are likely to occur. The cowhide leather of the second floor is flat and there are no obvious defects after embossing. The two layers of pigskin hides often have three piles of pores. The gloss is dark. When distinguishing between leather trim and frontal leather, it is important to note that the leather repair is to destroy the original grain layer, and then press the pattern, the pattern type can imitate cows, sheep, pigskin, etc., but the pattern has no pores, the pattern is floating On the surface of the skin, and the frontal pores are present, careful observation can be identified.
Artificial leather is clothed with a layer of organic material on the Cloth, thin (imitation sheep leather), thick (foamed organic materials, and then pressure on the pattern) two types, mostly used for women's shoes, children's shoes. Synthetic leather is made of organic fiber and is made of embossed varnish. It is used for sandals. The regenerated leather is made by grinding the skin dregs and skin fibers, bonding them with high-pressure adhesive, forming a sheet, and then passing the film to the required thickness, and then coating, so that it has a certain leather characteristics, and is used in a large number of bags. Leather, a small amount used to make shoes. The difference between dermis and man-made materials depends on the appearance. The dermis has no base and the artificial material has a base. Touching it again, the artificial material has a very strong plastic feel, a bright luster, a cold touch in winter, and a cool, leather-free touch. Using the thumb to press the softer part of the front of the finished shoe, there will be many small and uniform patterns around the thumb, and the thumb will lift and the pattern will disappear; while the artificial material may not have a pattern, coarse lines may also appear, the thumb lifts, and the pattern Does not disappear, indicating that the grain surface of the material surface and the underlying mesh layer have been removed, and leather shoes made from this fabric have failed.
Second, shoes, hooks and shoes seam
The shoes in the leather shoes are reinforcing materials used to prevent extension deformation and improve the feel of the feet. The materials in the shoes are required to have a delicate touch, excellent air permeability, moisture absorption, moisture absorption, and no discoloration. The middle and high-grade leather shoes are made of natural leather and cotton cloth. The artificial leather for the shoes is a low-grade product. Below the shoe is the bottom of the pond. When the shoes are checked, the shoes are folded into 90° angles. They cannot be cracked. Some fake shoes use unqualified recycled leather bottoms and paperboard non-woven bottoms. Because of the low latex content in the material, the sweat absorption becomes softer. The heart of the soles of the shoe - a steel plate that acts as a bridge between the inner bottom and the outer sole, may pierce the bottom of the pond and injure the sole of the foot.
The length, width and elastic modulus of the hook core are regulated by external forces and are stipulated in national standards. They must also have certain elasticity and rigidity. 65 Mn steel is used for the material and the elastic limit load is not less than 290N.
When inspecting the suture suture and the adhesive joint of the upper and the sole, see if there is a breakage, and if the suture is regular and neat. For adhesive shoes, the joints at the bottom of the adhesive should be smooth and grooveless, with no seams and no glue.
Third, the sole
Outsole of leather shoes is divided into rubber, imitation leather, plastics and rubber soles according to the raw materials. The rubber sole is soft and elastic, non-slip, wear-resistant, heat-resistant, cold-resistant and slightly heavier. Imitation leather is light, stiff, wear-resistant and scratch-resistant, but it has poor elasticity and is not slippery. Plastic bottom wear-resistant, smooth appearance, colorful and non-slip, cold resistance is poor, heavier. Rubber soles have the advantages of both rubber and plastic materials. They are wear-resistant, flexible, and soft. They are the first choice for mid-high-end shoes.
Fourth, followed by
After the shoe is fixed, it will be clamped and pulled with a pulling machine to see how much tension it can withstand. The heel standard of the shoes stipulates that, in the visual inspection, the heel is first hand-held and the deformation of the sub-mouth (outer and the heel-connected) is observed. If the deformation is large, there may be problems with the heel, then remove the insole and watch the heel mount. Above 4cm high heel, there must be a wooden screw fixed, the whole fastness of the heel is guaranteed by the wood screws inside and a few wooden pegs. The wood and the material are better, and the wood screws can't split, otherwise the heel heel can observe the deformation of the spigot or the looseness of the heel.
Fifth, appearance
Place the shoes on the counter or on the glass, and check if the shoes are stable. When the shoes are placed on the table, they should stop shaking right and left immediately. Looking from the back of the shoe to the back, the size of the inner and outer edges of the shoe from the top of the table should be not much different. It is better to keep the balance. The heel of the shoe should be vertical and upright, so as not to incline to the outside or inside. Third, look up from the top down to the upper to see the symmetry of the uppers and whether the contours of the shoes are deformed. Take the straight line between the toe and the midpoint of the heel as the axis of symmetry; see if the parts on the upper are symmetrical It is better to move backwards and forwards symmetrically inside and outside. The outline of the shoe should be slightly raised towards the inside of the shoe, and the smooth and round ones should be good, and the shoes that are distorted into lotus leaf shape should be inferior shoes.
Appearance inspection of shoes should also be noted that the helper surface does not allow significant disability, loose noodles, coating layer off, cracking and discoloration. The overall structure of the shoe should be straight, flat and not exposed in the shoe. The same part of the two shoes should be symmetrical. The hardness, color, and structure of the sole should be the same. There should be no significant difference between the length of the front and the height of the back. Both the upper and the upper should be combined tightly, and there should be no obvious wrinkles on the upper surface.
Sixth, hand test
Touch the inner cavity of the shoe with your hand to see if there is unevenness in the shoe. Any place where you can touch the feet can't be uneven, otherwise the feet will blisters, and in general there must be insoles in the shoes. The insole can keep the inside of the shoe clean and cover a few uneven nail holes on the insole. Under normal circumstances, men's shoes are half insoles, women's shoes should be a whole insole. Hand rub the heel to see if it is firm and flexible, not too hard, otherwise hurt the ankle. The insole of the shoe is the torso and skeleton of the shoe. Pressing the waist tightly is the best way to keep the insole intact. Touch the inner bottom of the shoe with the tip of the index finger downwards, and place the index finger near the upper of the outer crotch, and check whether the second finger line of the index finger is the same as the outer crotch height. General life shoes, social etiquette shoes, and fashion shoes are better than the second finger joint line of the index finger; low-rise sports shoes and casual shoes have a soft mouth structure on the back, and the height of the outside can be slightly higher. Index finger second knuckle line.
Use the middle fingertip to insert under the front pointed sole and see if the front chin height is appropriate. When the toe of the toe is just enough for the thickness of the middle finger, it means that the front of the toe is qualified. When the front of the toe is too large, the smoothness decreases; when it is too small, the shoes are easily deformed and the feet are easily fatigued.
Finally, consumers are reminded to buy shoes with a trademark logo, factory name, and factory site. Do not purchase the “three-no shoes†with incomplete logos and avoid being deceived.
Flag Fabric,Banner Fabric,Polyester Knit Fabric
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