Safety! Safety! Still safe! The electric car has gradually entered the ordinary people's home from the arrogance of the former Tesla. Therefore, how to safely use electric vehicles, which issues should be paid attention to during the use of consumers.
Every intern reporter Zhao Cheng
Safety! Safety! Still safe! The electric car has gradually entered the ordinary people's home from the arrogance of the former Tesla. (I can't shake the number anyway, what if I don't buy an electric car? (T_T)) Therefore, how to use the electric car safely, what issues should be paid attention to during the use process become the focus of consumers.
According to the "New Energy Vehicle Blue Book: China New Energy Automobile Industry Development Report (2016)" jointly released by China Automotive Technology Research Center and Social Science Literature Publishing House, as of the end of last year, China's new energy vehicle production and sales totaled 497,000 vehicles. It has become the largest country in the world. Some experts predict that the scale of China's new energy vehicle market will reach 1.45 million in 2020.
On August 12th, the China Electric Vehicle 100-member Summer Forum and the Electric Vehicle Safety Report Media Exchange Conference was held in Beijing. Ouyang Minggao, Executive Vice President of the 100-member Association, made detailed answers to several aspects related to consumers such as battery safety, charging safety, collision safety and cruising range.
1, the battery is very safe, but the poor quality of the charging pile may cause a safety accident
As we all know, the core of electric vehicle safety is battery safety. Temperature is an important parameter for examining electric vehicle batteries. In fact, the temperature at which the battery can work normally is within 45 degrees. If the temperature is too low, the battery capacity cannot be released and cannot be charged. If the temperature reaches 90 to 100 degrees, the battery will cause a series of "self-generated heat reactions". .
"As the temperature rises to a certain temperature, the battery will start to produce side reactions, and the side reaction will form a battery to heat up more and more. To a certain extent, the internal short circuit, the diaphragm collapse, the electrolyte burns, and the temperature is quickly made. Rising, the formation of thermal runaway. When the maximum temperature is reached, it will form a smoke, a fire or even an explosion." Ouyang Minggao pointed out.
"Everyone knows that lithium batteries can't be taken on the plane. This is determined by the characteristics of lithium batteries, but it is not equal to the safety of electric vehicles. We have strict thermal management to solve this problem, we have to make batteries The car is always in a normal temperature range. This thermal management system includes heating, heat dissipation and thermal insulation."
Although the battery technology is relatively mature, there may be some problems after the charging pile is combined with the battery.
It is understood that the overall level of the charging pile industry is relatively poor in the three industries of the battery industry, the charging pile industry and the vehicle industry. Since many enterprises are newly entering companies, the overall product quality is uneven, so the charging pile industry still has some problems in product access and quality assurance.
"For example, to what extent the charge is charged by the battery management system, the battery management system will tell the charger to start up, how much charge. But if the quality of the charger is off, let it start it does not start, let it charge 50A, it charges 70A, it is easy to have security problems." Ouyang Minggao said: "In the accident, some battery management system crashes, the charger does not know, it will continue to charge, generally overcharged to 150% There will be a violent accident on the spot."
In fact, if it is overcharged to 110%, there will be no obvious accidents, but if the charge is over 150% on the spot, the accident is very serious!
"At present, whether it is a battery or a charging pile, these technologies are mature. As long as there is security, there will be no problem." Ouyang Minggao told NBD.
2. The electric vehicle is charged while charging, and has no effect on the battery.
At present, the charging mode of electric vehicles is divided into fast charging and slow charging, and even in the fast charging mode, the owner has to wait for about one and a half hours or so near the public charging pile. Therefore, sitting in the car to listen to music has become the main entertainment means for most car owners to pass the time, but does charging while charging have an impact on the vehicle battery? Let the car owners have a "嘀咕" in their hearts.
Ouyang Minggao clearly stated: "There is still a 12V power supply in the electric car, which is used for low-voltage electrical appliances. Therefore, the electric vehicle will not affect the vehicle while charging."
3, insurance, when the electric car soaked in water, it is best to go to the 4S shop to do a check
Some time ago, there were frequent rainstorms across the country, and there was a video circulating on the Internet: all the cars were “armpitsâ€, and only electric vehicles were moving in the water like ships, and netizens praised them.
It is understood that electric vehicle batteries have to undergo various tests such as fire test, crash test, drop test, bending test, and needle test. Among them, only the water test has semi-inlet water, full immersion, small hole irrigation and other test methods. In the standard IP67, the battery is immersed in water for 1 meter + 1 hour.
In this regard, Ouyang Minggao said: "As long as the electric car is well sealed, such as waterproof and dustproof, it will be fine. But after the electric car is driving in the water, it is recommended to go to the 4S shop for maintenance. This is because there are some enterprises. Internal standards are performed in accordance with IP68 (soaking for 24 hours), while some companies are performing according to IP67 (soaking for 1 hour)."
4, home electric car battery support driving 300,000 km no problem
"In general, there are no problems with the battery to do two or three thousand charge and discharge cycles. In the future, this number will drop after the energy is increased. For the car, it is no problem to guarantee 300,000 kilometers unless It is the initial battery, the quality is not very good. If you follow the normal quality, the car should be no problem for more than ten years." Ouyang Minggao told NBD.
In fact, the situation in the market where the car is still not broken and the battery is broken is mostly concentrated on the bus. In general, the problem of whether the current battery and the whole vehicle have a long life and a full life cycle has been effectively solved technically.
5, electric vehicle electric shock risk can be ignored
At present, consumers are more concerned about whether electric vehicles will catch fire. For the problem of electric shock, Ouyang Minggao said bluntly: "These are the most basic and minimum guarantees. If the vehicles are produced, electric shock will occur. Then, this car factory will not do it."
It is understood that the vehicle design electrical system includes grounding, leakage protection, insulation, etc., and these have corresponding standards, therefore, the risk of electric shock is almost negligible.
6, electric car mileage has a lot to do with driving
Musk once claimed that Tesla can reach 800 kilometers, what is going on?
In fact, driving Tesla in the usual way can open more than 400 kilometers, but if you use a drastic driving style, its power consumption is very large, and the cruising range can reach 250 kilometers. This is due to the polarization of the battery, and there are still many electric discharges. However, if driving at a constant speed of 40 km / h, Tesla's driving range is indeed likely to reach 800 km.
"In addition, for the car, the weight ratio energy is not the most important, and the volume ratio energy is the most important. On the one hand, we must increase the weight ratio energy, on the other hand, we must increase the volume ratio energy. That is, in the volume. Under certain conditions, it is necessary to increase the storage capacity per unit volume, for example, from 350 watt-hours/liter to 400 watt-hours/liter, and we hope that it will reach 700 watt-hours/liter later, so that our driving mileage will be Longer." Ouyang Minggao said.
7. After the collision of the electric vehicle, the safety is higher than that of the fuel vehicle.
Since the battery of the electric vehicle is generally laid on the floor of the vehicle, when the vehicle collides, whether the battery pack placed on the floor of the vehicle will push the driver to the obstacle like a small cart, is also a concern of many owners. problem.
In fact, the quality of electric vehicle batteries is still relatively scattered and evenly distributed. At the same time, collision safety itself requires a certain buffer distance for energy absorption. Because the generator in the front compartment of the electric vehicle replaces the engine of the traditional fuel vehicle, that is, the distance of the energy absorption of the electric vehicle is longer than that of the conventional fuel vehicle. Collision safety is good.
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