--- --- newly discovered fine hair than 1500 times electrospinning techniques is the use of a polymer solution (or melt) injected in an electric field, a new method for processing ultra-fine nano-fibers were prepared. A typical electrospinning device consists of three main parts: a high voltage DC power supply, a syringe with a stainless steel needle, and a collector. When the instrument is working, a high pressure is applied between the collector and the syringe. When the voltage reaches the electrostatic repulsive force of the solution that is greater than its surface tension, the solution is ejected from the needle of the syringe, which results in spinning.
The diameter of these filaments is generally only 50-500 nm. If calculated at 50 nanometers, their thickness is equivalent to one fifteenth of the diameter of a single hair filament. At present, scientists have successfully used electrospinning to process more than 100 kinds of polymers. It can not only produce polymer nanofibers, but also can produce organic-inorganic composite materials. The method is simple, the device is cheap, the fiber of infinite length can be manufactured, the repeatability is good, and the chemical composition and physical properties of the product can be easily controlled.
New technology makes nanowires more "smart"
Compared to previous electrospinning, Shanghai Silicate Research Institute's controllable electrospinning technology is undoubtedly a more "smart" nanowire.
They found that electric force and Coulomb's gravity play an important role in fiber deposition and arrangement. Using this principle, they cleverly designed to collect and use templates having different structures, the preparation of a fiber electrospun scaffold material having a controllable patterning and complex woven structure. This is a big step forward compared with the previous fiber orientation control technology. As the controllability of the pattern and the weaving structure is further enhanced, this brings a broader application prospect for electrospinning technology.
———Application Prospects ———
Nano-scale electrospinning is not just a plaything in the hands of scientists, it has enormous uses in many ways.
In the event that patients need to be relieved by clinical rehabilitation alternatives such as “artificial blood vesselsâ€, “artificial skin†and “artificial bonesâ€, electrospinning made of macromolecule materials that are extremely friendly to the organization can be solved; in electronics, catalysis, aviation Space spinning, garments and even other industrial fields can be used as electrospun fibers.
Precision "human body printer"
For now, biological tissue engineering and regenerative medicine may be the largest application area of ​​electrospun fibers.
According to reports, electrospinning fibers are structurally similar to natural extracellular matrices, and have good biocompatibility, a certain degree of strength and stability, and are easy to process. Therefore, they are ideal scaffolding materials for human organ reconstruction. one. In cartilage, bone, blood vessels, heart, nerves and other tissue engineering fields have a very wide range of application value.
If you make an image of the analogy, electrospinning fiber is equivalent to a "human body printer." As always when patients with necrotic tissue, organ failure or bone, while skin damage, our approach is usually, bone graft substitutes were used to repair wounds and healthy skin defects of others or other parts of their own patients. In the near future, it is possible to combine electrospinning technology with tissue engineering technology for the repair of human tissue damage.
The specific method is to first prepare the cell scaffold by electrospinning according to the shape of the tissue or organ that the patient needs to replace, and then extract the corresponding seed cells from the patient's body and place it on the previously prepared cell scaffold for cultivation. Electrospun stents made of high molecular materials not only shape the growth of newborn skin, but also increase the stability of organs or tissues. New tissue and organs are then gradually formed until the defect is completely repaired, and the scaffold material is gradually degraded. In this way, the patient is reborn and the electrospinning scaffold that serves as a growth matrix also fulfills his mission.
Therefore, scientists said that with such a technology, it is like we have a "human body printer" that can be customized and replicated with tissues and organs.
In addition to superior medical arts functional fiber, electrospun fibers may also be used in the aerospace, purifying filter, optoelectronic devices, and waterproof textile reinforcement, and other insecticidal fields.
For example, electrospinning Sinamibu made of a specific material, provided with light weight, high temperature resistance, anti-radiation and other functions, and therefore may be used as aerospace materials; and made of an electrically semi-permeable membrane may be selectively spun silk Filter particles or molecules of a specific size to achieve the purpose of purification and filtration. Further, since this method were NM grade fiber diameter, most appear to form a nonwoven fabric, because the gap is extremely small, the barrier may be bacteria, viruses, and harmful substances, and because of its soft, breathable, can be used to make Some special cloths. Wearing clothes made of this material, you can even bid farewell to the era of washing machines. The clothes made of nanofibers adhered by several kinds of special particles will not only not stain the stains, but also have antibacterial, anti-odor, and no-clean functions.
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