How much does Hetian jade jasper know?

In the eyes of many, it seems that overnight, the collection market has shown a booming situation - the rapid return of culture to the awakening is amazing. The trend of love jade jade is even more so. However, it is precisely because of the rapid expansion. Many collectors' knowledge reserves and cultural cognitions are also relatively lacking in rush, which affects the judgment of the value of collection. Just like jasper, as an important traditional jade collection variety, its history, origin, production, quality evaluation, collection positioning, etc., many collectors' knowledge is still vague.

What is jasper? In terms of mineral composition, jasper is a type of nephrite, the main mineral being yangqiu with tremolite, belonging to the amphibole group, and the tremolite to the yangshi like in the series. Shi Duanyuan. The origin of jasper is related to the intrusion of magnesian marble and ultramafic rocks. This is essentially different from other nephrite jades. Other nephrite jade varieties are due to the metamorphism of magnesium marble and thus the iron content of jasper. Softer than other colors.

China's jasper origin is in Manas, on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang. When the use of Manas jasper started, it was impossible to verify, but in the early Qing Dynasty has been a large number of mining no doubt, the Royal government officials to build green jade factory, Jade jade has therefore become an important jade species used by the Qing court.

According to the "Tri-State Collection", it reads: "More than 100 years in the city of Manas, the name of Qingshui Spring (now Qingshui River), and the name of Hou Xiou in the West Baiyu, and the name of the Great Ditch in more than 100 West, are all produced in green jade. Fifty-four years of Emperor Qianlong's (1789) closure of the Green Jade Plant and the prohibition of exploitation.” Many mining sites were not known for many years. Until 1973, Mo Ying, an old entertainer of the Beijing Jade Factory, acquired a piece from the Manas County town. Jasper was the clue. After a few days of visits, it finally tracked the location of the Jasper deposit, saw the ruins of the jade mines during the Qianlong era, and established the Manas Jade mine in the same year. The jasper variety has entered the vision of contemporary people.

The Manas Jasper has a fine and uniform texture, and has a large volume of output. The colors are green, grayish green, black and green, and black spots are often distributed in ore bodies. Manas jasper is very suitable for utensils, its color is steady, and its utensils give people a feeling of solidity and heavyness. Although Jadeite is not as expensive as suet jade, it is still a very important breed in the nephrite family. Of the 367 pieces of jade collected in the sixth volume of Mr. Yang Boda's Complete Works of Chinese Jade, 48 were made of jasper. Jadeware plays a decisive role in the royal jade of the Qing Dynasty. At the Christie's 2006 auction in Hong Kong, an imperial jasper faced live-cap bottle shot at HK$6.28 million during the Qing Emperor Qianlong period, and the price was not different from that of the Royal Whiteware.

Contemporary jasper knows how much 1, Xinjiang produced jasper: Xinjiang produced jasper mainly produced by Manas jasper mine, Manas jasper mine since 1973, according to "China Hetian jade" records, the minimum annual output of the mine is 1 Tons, up to 35 tons, of which the production from 1973 to 1978 is relatively large, the average annual extraction of about 15 tons, the lowest in 1979 was 1 ton, from 1981 to 1988 is basically stable at an annual output of about 5 tons.

Manas jasper produces both seed and mountain materials, as well as some mountain streams. In view of the characteristics of jasper itself, works with jasper as the raw material are dominated by utensils, and the years are mostly concentrated in the Qing Dynasty and **.

In the middle and late 1990s, a group of jasper individuals with a body weight of more than 3 to 4 tons were found in Xinjiang. Most of these jasper are mountain streams. In my hand, there was a piece of jade in this discovery that weighed 8.650 tons, which is extremely rare. This batch of jasper is lighter than the Manas' traditional jasper. The texture is delicate and uniform. This kind of jasper is just a batch of products, and it will be gone after the output.

In 1975, a large jasper was mined in the red pit of the Manas River, carved by the Yangzhou Jadeware Factory into the national jade carving “Stone Engraved Charm” Shanzi, and was stored in the China Arts and Crafts Museum in Beijing Fuxingmen. This jasper raw material is produced in Xinjiang's Manas area and weighs more than 1,000 kilograms. It is 120 centimeters high, 90 centimeters wide, and 60 centimeters thick. Carved green and deep color, jade fine meticulous, totally natural.

2. Canadian Jasper: The origin of Jasper in Canada is mainly in the high mountains north of Vancouver, Canada. The hardness is about 6.5 degrees Mohs. It is a kind of nephrite, not only the national treasure of Canada, but also the Empress Dowager Cixi in the Qing Dynasty. Favorite. Compared with Xinjiang Manasyu, it has the characteristics of large output, uniform texture, large block size and bright colors. Due to the supply of raw materials, from the 1980s to the 1990s, China imported hundreds of tons of Canadian jasper from Canada. This batch of jasper has the characteristics of large volume, less chapped, bright colors, etc. This batch of jasper made up the raw materials of jasper in mainland China. In the under-supply situation, due to the fact that they are all mountains, the jasper in Canada has a very large volume of production, with 4 to 5 tons each. Beijing, Yangzhou, and Henan produced a number of jade carvings based on this material. Most of these works are large in size and full in texture.

3. Qinghai Jade: Around 2000, a batch of seed jasper was found in the river terraces of the Mangya area at the border between Qinghai and Tibet. This group of jasper seeds has a good roundness and body mass and weighs from a few ten kilograms to several tons. Mangyan jasper is characterized by a skin shell that is a few centimeters thick to 10 centimeters thick. The color of the husk has a clear boundary with the meat quality. The man-made jasper jasper has a gray-green color, black spots, less chapped, and poor jade quality.

4. Russian jasper: For the jasper, around 2000 is an important period. At this stage, the Russian jasper entered our vision as a very good variety. Russia's jade production areas are mainly distributed in the Buryatia Republic, Irkutsk region, Kraskoyarsk border area, Ural Mountains and other places.

Russian jasper raw materials are in the form of primary minerals. These mountain materials have large body mass, good jade quality, less chapped, less black spots, and bright colors. A large part of them reach the “jewelry-grade” jasper, and these jasper are produced in large numbers into bracelets. Beads, hand pieces, make up for the status quo of China's high quality jasper. Since 1973, not many jasper produced in Xinjiang have been used for jewelry. At present, Russian jasper is the main raw material used in the jasper in China.

5. New Zealand Jasper: The nephrite produced in the valley near Kumara in the west of New Zealand's South Island is gravely ovate. The shades are often green, dark green, dark green, and black, some have beautiful spinach green (darker than emerald, gray shades), and transparency is generally good. The U.S. National Museum has a New Zealand jade gravel weighing 7,000 pounds and is beautifully green. The jasper in New Zealand is characterized by low black spots, but the output is generally low. New Zealand Jasper is mainly produced by local processors into various types of jewelry.

In addition, with the discovery of geological exploration, there may be other characteristics of the other producing areas of jasper.

Jasper collection interpretation of the white jade collection has been deeply rooted in people's minds, and Jasper is worth collecting many people do not say it clearly. In fact, though Jade and Jade are not precious, Jasper also has its own characteristics of collection. Therefore, there is no problem as a collection. The main problem is to determine its collection direction and collection path according to the characteristics of Jasper.

Due to the basic characteristics of the jasper mentioned above, the collection should also select related works based on the above characteristics, such as the mainstream of traditional jasper production - utensils, followed by the use of material features carving works. It should be said that the jade collection is a double consideration of texture and craftsmanship. This point has been recognized by the jade collection industry and applies to Jade. In addition, it is necessary to remind collectors that there are some rare and precious varieties in Jasper, which are of great value for collection. For example, it is generally believed that one of the basic characteristics of jasper is the inclusion of black spots. In fact, some high-quality jasper itself has no black spots, beautiful colors, and excellent texture, and is a superior collection. For another example, there is a variety of cat-eye effects in jasper. Different colors change in different light conditions or in different viewing angles. This is different from our traditional understanding of jade, but it is unique. Aesthetics and collectible value are worth collectors attention.